🔎Exploring Design Patterns: Adapter Pattern

General Structure:

Target (IJsonAdapter): The interface that clients expect to use

Adaptee (LegacyXmlSystem): The existing class that needs to be adapted

Adapter (XmlToJsonAdapter): The class that bridges between Target and Adaptee

Client: The code that works with the Target interface

public interface IJsonAdapter
{
    string GetJsonData();
}

// Adaptee: Legacy system that needs to be adapted
public class LegacyXmlSystem
{
    public string GetXmlData()
    {
        return "<data> some XML data </data>";
    }
}

// Adapter: Adapter implementation
public class  XmlToJsonAdapter : IJsonAdapter
{
    private LegacyXmlSystem _xmlSystem;

    public XmlToJsonAdapter(LegacyXmlSystem xmlSystem)
    {
        _xmlSystem = xmlSystem;
    }

    public string GetJsonData()
    {
        string xmlData = _xmlSystem.GetXmlData();
        // converting xml to json
        return "{ data: some XML data converted to JSON }";
    }
}

When to Use:

• Integrating legacy code with new systems
• Making incompatible interfaces work together
• Reusing existing classes with incompatible interfaces
• Converting data formats between systems
• Maintaining backward compatibility

Benefits:

• Promotes reusability of existing code
• Provides clean separation of concerns
• Makes incompatible code work together without modifying source
• Follows Single Responsibility Principle
• Enhances maintainability

Limitations:

• Can add complexity to the codebase
• May require creating multiple adapters for different interfaces
• Could impact performance due to additional layer
• Might make debugging more challenging
• Not suitable when extensive interface modifications are needed

The real-world example in the code shows adapting XML data to JSON format. The pattern is particularly useful in scenarios like:

• Database interface adaptations
• Third-party library integration
• API versioning
• File format conversions
• Payment gateway integrations

✨ You can find design pattern codes in this repository

✨ Exploring Design Patterns Other Posts

• Singleton
• Factory Method