Microsurgery (inguinal or subinguinal) offers lower rates of recurrence and complications than high surgical approaches (laparoscopic or not) and surgeries without magnification. It is therefore the reference surgical technique. Percutaneous retrograde embolization is a minimally invasive alternative to microsurgery offering satisfactory outcomes with rare and often benign complications. The cure for varicocele results in an improvement in sperm parameters and recent data seem to confirm that it increases the natural pregnancy rate. These results appear after a delay of 3 to 9 months (at least 1 to 2 cycles of spermatogenesis). When the sperm involvement was severe (azoospermia, severe oligospermia), the improvement of the spermogram allow (1) to avoid surgery testicular sperm extraction or (2) perform intrauterine insemination rather than ICSI.Primates adopt various strategies to interact with the environment. Yet, no study has examined the effects of behavioural strategies with regard to how movement inhibition is implemented at the neuronal level. We used a modified version of the stop-task by adding an extra signal - termed the Ignore signal - capable of influencing the inhibition of movements only within a specific strategy. We simultaneously recorded multisite neuronal activity from the dorsal premotor (PMd) cortex of macaque monkeys during the task and applied a state-space approach. As a result, we found that movement generation is characterized by neuronal dynamics that evolve between subspaces. When the movement is halted, this evolution is arrested and inverted. Conversely, when the Ignore signal is presented, inversion of the evolution is observed briefly and only when a specific behavioural strategy is adopted. Moreover, neuronal signatures during the inhibitory process were predictive of how PMd processes inhibitory signals, allowing the classification of the resulting behavioural strategy. Our data further corroborate the PMd as a critical node in movement inhibition.
RhD typing has remained of primary importance, as being the leading cause of hemolytic disease of the newborn. Among Rh system's 55 blood group antigens, RhD is the most immunogenic. We aimed with this study to determine weak D/partial D variant frequency in blood donors who were admitted to our blood center and have serologically designated blood group weak D.
We screened blood donors who admitted between 2011 and 2017 to our blood center. Sixty-seven serologically weak D phenotyped donors have participated in the study. These donors' samples were studied further by Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence- Specific Primers (PCR-SSP) for determining D variants.
Weak D phenotype was detected in 228(0.12 %) out of 177,554 donors. Sixty-seven of them agreed to take part in the study. The frequency of weak D and partial D was 68.7 % (n = 46), and 22.4 % (n = 15), in order. The most encountered weak D and partial D variant was type 15 and DFR type, respectively.
The prevalence of serologically weak D phenotypes varies by race and ethnicity. Turkey is a country covering a mixture of European and Asian DNA with different ethnic groups. Thus, our research as giving the overall distribution of RHD variants from the largest city of Turkey, which may reflect the general ethnic background of the country, would help to the establishment of a databank for blood banking. This paper is the first molecular study on RHD variants in Turkey. New molecular research would be more reliable and precise.
The prevalence of serologically weak D phenotypes varies by race and ethnicity. Turkey is a country covering a mixture of European and Asian DNA with different ethnic groups. Thus, our research as giving the overall distribution of RHD variants from the largest city of Turkey, which may reflect the general ethnic background of the country, would help to the establishment of a databank for blood banking. This paper is the first molecular study on RHD variants in Turkey. New molecular research would be more reliable and precise.
This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and identified the predictive factors associated with PTSD symptoms in a population of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) survivors.
A random sample of 2,000 NMIBC survivors, identified through the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry, were sent postal mail survey. PTSD symptoms were measured using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Descriptive statistics and hierarchical multiple linear regression were used to examine the prevalence of PTSD and to identify the factors associated with PTSD.
A total of 376 participants were included in the analysis. The average PCL-5 score was 7.1 (standard deviation [SD] = 10.9, range 0-66), where higher scores represent higher levels of PTSD symptoms. The prevalence of the provisional PTSD diagnosis was 5.3% or 6.9% (after adjusting for nonresponse). In addition, 28.7% of participants met criteria for at least one PTSD symptom cluster. After controlling for other variables, participants who were younger, had active disease or unsure of status, had more comorbidities, had lower social support, and had higher cognitive concerns reported significantly higher PTSD symptoms.
More than one-fourth of NMIBC survivors had PTSD symptoms. Thus, healthcare providers should assess PTSD symptoms and provide supportive care for NMIBC survivors in the survivorship phase of care.
More than one-fourth of NMIBC survivors had PTSD symptoms. Thus, healthcare providers should assess PTSD symptoms and provide supportive care for NMIBC survivors in the survivorship phase of care.
Bladder cancer is predominant in the elderly. Up to 70% of geriatric patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer do not receive curative treatment. selleckchem We analyzed the outcome of patients managed only by transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) without chemo- or radio-therapy, and performed a cost analysis of the cumulative inpatient interventions throughout the course of the disease.
From 2010 to 2016 81 patients ≥75 years with de novo muscle-invasive bladder cancer who were not eligible for curative treatment options were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were treated only with TURBT. Overall survival (OS) was measured by Kaplan-Meier plots (log-rank test) and clinical parameters predicting OS by a multivariate analysis. The cost analysis was based on actual billing from the hospital provider and referenced standardized pricing in Germany for bladder cancer treatment.
The median age was 83 years. The OS was 11 months, the 1-year OS was 42%. In the multivariate model Charlson Comorbidity Index <8 (P = 0.selleckchem
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