3 to 13.4%) and three hypopygium morphologies associated with each clade, two of them associated with D. rectilineus and D. concavatus (as described in the literature); the third one is new, not associated with any known species. The divergence between the D. rectilineus and D. concavatus clades was 19%, while the third clade is divergent from each species by 19-20%. If fully described, the hypopygium shape associated with the COI sequence will represent an extremely promising approach to the diagnosis of Dissomphalus species.The Farasan Archipelago is a group of small coral islands and islets in the southern Red Sea, offshore of the southwestern Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). These islands are internationally important as breeding sites for turtles and bird species and regionally for its threatened, rare, and endemic flora and other fauna. The beetles (Coleoptera) of the Archipelago have not been previously surveyed. This study presents the first data on the beetle fauna based on a recent survey of the Farasan Archipelago. In total, 179 beetle species (including three synanthropic species) in 145 genera and 31 coleopteran families were determined. The Carabidae are represented by 31 species, followed by the Tenebrionidae (22 species), Chrysomelidae (17 species), Scarabaeidae (13 species), and Coccinellidae (12 species). The genus Lasiocera Dejean, 1831 and the species Amblystomus villiersanus Bruneau de Miré, 1991 (Carabidae) are new for the beetle fauna of the Arabian Peninsula, and eighteen species are new country records for KSA. Sand dune habitats on the islands were inhabited by the greatest number of species in comparison with other habitats. Zoogeographically, the beetle fauna of the Archipelago was dominated by the representatives of the Saharo-Arabian and Afrotropical elements (74 spp., 41.0%). Fourteen species (7.8%) were recognized as cosmopolitan and subcosmopolitan. No species was known to be exclusively endemic to Farasan Archipelago. Eighteen species (10.1%) were endemic to Arabian Peninsula and KSA. Approximately 64.8% (116 spp.) of the archipelago beetle species is found on the KSA mainland and is most closely allied to the south and southwestern KSA regions (sharing 91 spp.). Comparisons of the beetle faunas of the Farasan and Socotra archipelagos indicate that 30 families, 70 genera, and 28 species are shared.Blakealtica fusca a new genus and new species from the Dominican Republic is described and illustrated. In addition to external features, beetle thoracic sclerites (including metendosternite) are fully examined and illustrated. Blakealtica is similar to Monomacra Chevrolat,1836 and related genera (Disonycha Chevrolat, 1836, Hemilactica Blake, 1937, Myrmeconycha Konstantinov & Tishechkin, 2017, Parchicola Bechyne & Bechyne, 1975, Pseudodisonycha Blake, 1954, and Rosalactica Bechyne & Bechyne, 1977) as all studied representatives of these genera are missing the sclerotized vaginal palpi or have them membranous and otherwise poorly developed. This feature may be unique for the Monomacra group of genera as it has not been seen anywhere else in flea beetles.Although several studies have reported that some patients developed metachronous/recurrent intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) after partial pancreatectomy, recurrence of IPMN mimicking ampullary cancer is extremely rare. We report the case of a 62-year-old man who developed recurrent IPMN mimicking ampullary cancer. Every 3-6 months, the patient had received surveillance with computed tomography after distal pancreatectomy for IPMN, high-grade, pancreatobiliary type. However, a villous tumor at the major duodenal papilla was found incidentally by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy 2 years and 3 months after initial surgery, and the biopsy result was adenocarcinoma. Endoscopic ultrasonography showed a tumor at the periampullary lesion; however, the origin of the tumor could not be determined definitively. Remnant total pancreatectomy was performed, and the histological diagnosis revealed IPMN, high-grade, pancreatobiliary type. Some patients develop recurrent IPMN mimicking ampullary cancer; thus, careful surveillance for periampullary lesions as well as remnant pancreas should be performed.
The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cortisol, interleukin (IL)-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cell (WBC) count as inflammatory markers to evaluate the postoperative inflammatory response associated with various abdominal surgical procedures in rats.
Wistar albino rats (N=152) were randomly assigned to 7 groups control, hepatectomy, splenectomy, nephrectomy, colectomy, gastrectomy, and sham. Apart from the control group, each group was then divided into 3 subgroups 6th, 24th and 48th h. Thus, a total of 19 groups were defined, each including 8 rats. At the 6th, 24th and 48th h following the surgical procedures blood samples from each rat were collected. The plasma concentrations of IL- 6, cortisol, CRP, and WBC were measured.
Both the surgery category and the elapsed time after the surgery had a significant effect on IL-6 levels (P<0.0001). selleckchem Blood CRP levels were primarily determined by the surgery category (P<0.0001). Neither surgery nor the elapsed time had a f abdominal surgical procedure.
Well-defined guidelines for the treatment of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in patients with cirrhosis are lacking, given the paucity of robust data. Among the available treatment options the best choice is unknown.
We conducted a comprehensive search of multiple electronic databases and conference proceedings (through December 2019) to identify studies that reported on the use of anticoagulants in the treatment of PVT in patients with cirrhosis. Our goals were to evaluate the pooled odds ratio (OR) and pooled rate of treatment responders and bleeding events.
A total of 17 studies were included 648 patients were treated with anticoagulation and 96 were controls. Pooled OR for treatment responders was 5.1 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.5-10.2, P = 0.001) and pooled OR for bleeding was 0.4 (95%CI 0.1-1.5, P = 0.2) for anticoagulation treatment versus control. Pooled rate of treatment responders with anticoagulation was 66.7% (95%CI 58.3-74.1) compared to 26% (95%CI 14.2-42.7) for the control group. Pooled rate of bleeding seemed comparable (7.selleckchem
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