Flow of Request for https://www.google.com
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DNS Resolution:
- Browser initiates DNS resolution to translate "www.google.com" to an IP address. Resolved IP address is returned.
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TCP/IP Connection:
- Browser establishes a TCP/IP connection with the web server's IP address on port 443 (HTTPS).
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HTTPS/SSL Encryption:
- Data between browser and server is encrypted via HTTPS/SSL. SSL handshake ensures secure communication.
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Firewall Inspection:
- Encrypted traffic passes through a firewall for security policy checks and threat protection.
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Load Balancer:
- Connection is routed through a load balancer for traffic distribution across multiple web servers.
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Web Server:
- Load balancer forwards the connection to a web server hosting the Google website. Web server handles HTTP requests and connections.
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Application Server:
- Web server delivers the request to an application server, which processes the request and generates a response. Application server may execute server-side scripts and interact with a database.
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Database:
- Application server may request data from a database for information required in the response.
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Web Server (Response):
- Application server returns the response to the web server.
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Load Balancer (Response):
- Load balancer receives the response, typically a dynamic one from the application server.
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TCP/IP (Response):
- Load balancer routes the response back through the TCP/IP stack.
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Firewall (Response):
- The firewall inspects the incoming response for security compliance.
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Browser (Response):
- The firewall returns the response to your browser, which decrypts and renders the content, allowing you to interact with the Google website.
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