GitHub - Git Cheat Sheet

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Today I am sharing GitHub Git Cheat Sheet

1. Git Configuration

$ git config --global user.name "Your Name"
Set the name that will be attached to your commits and tags.
$ git config --global user.email "[e-mail]"
Set the e-mail address that will be attached to your commits and tags.
$ git config --global color.ui auto
Enable some colorization of Git output.

2. Starting A project

$ git init [project name]
Create a new local repository. If [project name] is provided, Git will
create a new directory name [project name] and will initialize a
repository inside it. If [project name]is not provided,then a new repository is initialized in the current directory.
$ git clone [project url]
Downloads a project with the entire history from the remote repository.

3.Day-to-Day work

$ git status
Displays the status of your working directory. Options include new,
staged, and modified files. It will retrieve branch name, current commit
identifier, and changes pending commit.
$ git add [file]
Add a file to the staging area. Use in place of the full file path to add all
changed files from the current directory down into the directory tree.
$ git diff [file]
Show changes between working directory and staging area.
$ git diff --staged [file]
Shows any changes between the staging area and the repository.
$ git checkout -- [file]
Discard changes in working directory. This operation is unrecovera-
ble.
$ git reset [file]
Revert your repository to a previous known working state.
$ git commit
Create a new commit from changes added to the staging area.
The commit must have a message!
$ git rm [file]
Remove file from working directory and staging area.
$ git stash
Put current changes in your working directory into stash for later use.
$ git stash pop
Apply stored stash content into working directory, and clear stash.
$ git stash drop
Delete a specific stash from all your previous stashes.

4.Git branching model

$ git branch [-a]

List all local branches in repository. With -a: show all branches
(with remote).
$ git branch [branch_name]
Create new branch, referencing the current HEAD.
$ git checkout [-b][branch_name]
Switch working directory to the specified branch. With -b: Git will
create the specified branch if it does not exist.
$ git merge [from name]
Join specified [from name] branch into your current branch (the one
you are on currently).
$ git branch -d [name]
Remove selected branch, if it is already merged into any other.
-D instead of -d forces deletion.

5. Review your work

$ git log [-n count]

List commit history of current branch. -n count limits list to last n
commits.
$ git log --oneline --graph --decorate
An overview with reference labels and history graph. One commit
per line.
$ git log ref..
List commits that are present on the current branch and not merged
into ref. A ref can be a branch name or a tag name.
$ git log ..ref
List commit that are present on ref and not merged into current
branch.
$ git reflog
List operations (e.g. checkouts or commits) made on local repository.

6. Tagging known commits

$ git tag

List all tags.
$ git tag [name] [commit sha]
Create a tag reference named name for current commit. Add commit
sha to tag a specific commit instead of current one.
$ git tag -a [name] [commit sha]
Create a tag object named name for current commit.
$ git tag -d [name]
Remove a tag from local repository.

7. Reverting changes

$ git reset [--hard] [target reference]
Switches the current branch to the target reference, leaving
a difference as an uncommitted change. When --hard is used,
all changes are discarded.
$ git revert [commit sha]
Create a new commit, reverting changes from the specified commit.
It generates an inversion of changes.

8.Synchronizing repositories

$ git fetch [remote]

Fetch changes from the remote, but not update tracking branches.
$ git fetch --prune [remote]
Delete remote Refs that were removed from the remote repository.
$ git pull [remote]
Fetch changes from the remote and merge current branch with its
upstream.
$ git push [--tags] [remote]
Push local changes to the remote. Use --tags to push tags.
$ git push -u [remote] [branch]
Push local branch to remote repository. Set its copy as an upstream.

A Git installation

For GNU/Linux distributions, Git should be available in the standard

system repository. For example, in Debian/Ubuntu please type in
the terminal:
$ sudo apt-get install git
If you need to install Git from source, you can get it from
git-scm.com/downloads.
An excellent Git course can be found in the great Pro Git book by
Scott Chacon and Ben Straub. The book is available online for free
at git-scm.com/book.

B Ignoring Files

$ cat .gitignore
/logs/*
!logs/.gitkeep
/tmp
*.swp
Verify the .gitignore file exists in your project and ignore certain type
of files, such as all files in logs directory (excluding the .gitkeep file),
whole tmp directory and all files *.swp. File ignoring will work for the
directory (and children directories) where .gitignore file is placed.

C Ingoring files

D.The zoo of working areas

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