Create an ESP32 based smart device with Arduino and MQTT

Introduction

This article will show you how to quickly create an ESP32 based "smart device", using Arduino, by creating a simple application that basically connects your WiFi router, then a MQTT server, and publishes a message every five seconds.

Of course, you can use any other WiFi enabled board.
I chose the ESP32 because I recently bought a LiliGo TTGO ESP32 board, without any specific project in mind.
This is the board I use: http://www.lilygo.cn/prod_view.aspx?Id=1126

Configuration

Board

First, we need to add support to our ESP32 board.

• In the Arduino preferences, in the Additional Boards Manager URLs field, add: https://dl.espressif.com/dl/package_esp32_index.json
• In the Tools menu, open the Boards Manager and look for esp32, then install it.
• Still in the Tools menu, choose your board (TTGO LoRa32-OLED V1 in my case)

Libraries

• In the Sketch menu, select Manage Libraries...
• Install library PubSubClient

Code

Configuration

Headers

#include <WiFi.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>

Definitions

Let's define our WiFi SSID, password, and the MQTT server
informations (hostname, port, username, password, client).

#define ssid          "MyWiFi" 
#define password      "MyWifiPassword"
#define mqtt_host     "MyMQTTServer"
#define mqtt_port     1883
#define mqtt_client   "ArduinoCl"
#define mqtt_user     "julzor"
#define mqtt_password "SomePassword"

Global variables

WiFiClient espClient;
PubSubClient cli = PubSubClient(espClient);

Connecting to WiFi

void setup_wifi()
{
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);

  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) 
  {
    delay(500);
  }
}

Connecting to MQTT

void setup_mqtt()
{
  cli.setServer(mqtt_host, mqtt_port);

  if (cli.connect(mqtt_client, mqtt_user, mqtt_password))
  {
    // Now we're connected to the MQTT server
    // Let's publish a first message...
    cli.publish("test/hello", "hello world");
  }
}

Putting it all together

Setup

void setup()
{
    Serial.begin(115200);

    delay(10);

    setup_wifi();
    setup_mqtt();
}

Loop

long last = 0;

void loop() {
  if (!cli.connected())
  {
    // We were disconnected, let's reconnect
    delay(1000);
    setup_mqtt();
  }
  else
  {
    cli.loop();

    long now = millis();
    if (now - last > 5000)
    {
      last = now;
      cli.publish("test/ping", "Ping");
    }
  }
}

Conclusion

You should now have a working application that does nothing but send a ping message on your MQTT server. That's a start!

In another article, I will show you how I use my useless smart device with Node-RED, a Raspberry Pi, and Alexa.