We introduced a humanoid robot for the use of techno-psychological distraction techniques in children aged 4-10 to reduce their anxiety and improve their behaviour during dental treatment.
Two hundred children (98 boys, 102 girls; mean age 6.5 ± 1.66 years) appointed for first time for dental caries were included and randomly divided into two groups [
= 100 for each group; RG Robot Group (accompanied by the robot), CG Control Group (without robot accompaniment)]. Half of the children were treated under local anaesthesia (infiltration anaesthesia) (
= 50 within each group) and half of the children were treated without any local anaesthesia (
= 50 within each group) within each group. The success rate of the new robotic distraction technique was evaluated by using Parental Corah Dental Anxiety Scale, Facial Image Scale (FIS), physiological pulse rate and Frankl Behaviour Rating Scale (FBRS).
Pulse rates, which measured during treatment and after treatment, were statistically higher in CG than in RG (
< .05). After dental treatment, the FIS score was significantly higher in CG than RG (
< .05). 88.3% of the children in RG stated that they wanted the robot to be with them at the next treatment session.
Robotic technology can successfully help in coping with dental anxiety and stress, and helps children to behave better in dental office.
Robotic technology can successfully help in coping with dental anxiety and stress, and helps children to behave better in dental office.
Essential tremor (ET) is disease with both motor and non-motor features. Notable among the non-motor features is cognitive impairment. While this impairment has been attributed to cortico-thalamo-cerebellar pathway pathology, it is likely that a more complicated involvement of brain structures underlies cognitive function in ET.
To evaluate the brain microstructural changes of both white matter and grey matter in ET using region of interest based diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and to correlate these changes with cognitive function assessed during detailed neuropsychological testing.
Thirty-five non-demented ET patients with a range of cognitive function (Clinical Dementia Rating = 0-0.5, mean age = 57.5 ± 16.7 years, age range = 23-76 years) underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation and brain magnetic resonance imaging, including DTI. DTI findings were reported as fractional anisotropy, average diffusion coefficient, these values were evaluated for 32 ROIs. Cognitive domains included attein ET.
Viability of periodontal ligament fibroblast cells (PDFC) is one of the key factors in determining the success of replantation of avulsed teeth. Extra-oral time and transport media are closely related to the same. The present study aims to evaluate and compare the efficiency of Cornisol, Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) and normal saline in preserving the viability of PDFC.
The human PDFC were isolated from primary culture from freshly extracted human premolars. Effect of Cornisol, HBSS and normal saline on viability of isolated PDFC was assessed using standard MTT assay. The cells were exposed to the experimental solutions (Cornisol/HBSS/normal saline) for varying time points (30 min, 1 h, 24 h, 48 h and 96 h) and viability was determined by colorimetric MTT method by quantifying the amount of formazan crystal formed (optical density). Experiment was performed in triplicates and the data were subjected to statistical analysis.
Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA with post hoc Bonferroni's test with a significance level of
value ≤.05. Cornisol ≥ HBSS > saline.
Cornisol can be used as a storage media for avulsed teeth and is significantly more effective than HBSS in maintaining the periodontal ligament cell viability at tested time intervals.
Cornisol can be used as a storage media for avulsed teeth and is significantly more effective than HBSS in maintaining the periodontal ligament cell viability at tested time intervals.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous syndrome and may comprise several different phenotypes that are driven by different molecular mechanisms (endotypes). Several different clinical, genetic, and inflammatory phenotypes of COPD have been recognized and this may lead to more precise effective therapies.
The different clinical phenotypes, including smoking
nonsmoking COPD, small airway disease
emphysema, non-exacerbators
frequent exacerbators are discussed. Rare genetic endotypes (alpha
-antitrypsin deficiency, telomerase polymorphisms), and inflammatory phenotypes (eosinophilic
neutrophilic) are also recognized in stable and exacerbating patients and have implications for the choice of therapy.
Clinical phenotypes have so far not proved to be very useful in selecting more personalized therapy for COPD. Even with genetic endotypes, this has not led to improved therapy. More promising is the recognition that COPD patients who have increased sputum or blood eosinophils tend to have more frequent exacerbations and inhaled corticosteroids are more effective in preventing exacerbation. Increased blood eosinophils have proved to be a useful biomarker now used to target ICS more effectively. Furthermore, COPD patients with low eosinophils are more likely to get pneumonia with ICS and to have lower airway bacterial colonization.
Clinical phenotypes have so far not proved to be very useful in selecting more personalized therapy for COPD. Even with genetic endotypes, this has not led to improved therapy. More promising is the recognition that COPD patients who have increased sputum or blood eosinophils tend to have more frequent exacerbations and inhaled corticosteroids are more effective in preventing exacerbation. Increased blood eosinophils have proved to be a useful biomarker now used to target ICS more effectively. Furthermore, COPD patients with low eosinophils are more likely to get pneumonia with ICS and to have lower airway bacterial colonization.
Recently, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided ablation therapy, as a minimally invasive technique, has shown its potential to substitute surgery in treating solid pancreatic tumors, such as small potential malignant pancreatic tumors, small insulinomas and locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (LAPDAC). Tacrolimus clinical trial Therefore, we conducted this systematic review to assess the safety and efficacy of EUS-guided ablation therapy for solid pancreatic tumors.
We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library and Web of Science databases from inception to February 2020. The endpoints were clinical success and complications rates. The pooled event rate was calculated using Comprehensive Meta Analysis software.
Fourteen studies with a total of 158 patients were included in our final analysis. The major types of solid pancreatic tumors were nonfunction pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (
= 78, 49.4%), LAPDAC (
= 48, 30.4%) and insulinomas (
= 26, 16.5%). Overall, the pooled clinical success rate was 85.Tacrolimus clinical trial
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