Groups comprised 11 mice each, including an untreated normal and untreated diseased control group (7 groups total). CsA 0.09% sol twice daily significantly increased tear volume on day 30, 45, and 60 vs CsA 0.05% eml (
<0.05, <0.001, <0.001, respectively) and vs CsA 0.1% eml on day 60 (
<0.05); CsA 0.09% sol once daily significantly increased tear volume on day 45 vs CsA 0.05% eml (
<0.05). Goblet cell density significantly increased with CsA 0.09% sol twice daily vs placebo and NOD control (
<0.01 both). There was no significant difference in corneal staining and IL-1β levels with CsA 0.09% sol.
Sixty-day treatment with CsA 0.09% sol showed comparatively improved preclinical results vs CsA 0.05% eml and CsA 0.1% eml.
Sixty-day treatment with CsA 0.09% sol showed comparatively improved preclinical results vs CsA 0.05% eml and CsA 0.1% eml.
To investigate the safety and tolerability of the multi-pressure dial (MPD) worn overnight for seven consecutive days.
Prospective, open-label, randomized, single-site study.
Twenty eyes of 10 subjects with open-angle glaucoma were fitted with an MPD and randomized to negative pressure application of -10 mmHg in one eye (study eye) worn overnight for 7 consecutive days.
Safety measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP) changes from baseline during and after negative pressure application, slit lamp and dilated fundus exam findings, and rate of adverse events. Subjective assessments were completed daily by the subjects during the 7-day study period and immediately following the study period.
Prior to the 7-day testing period, application of 10 mmHg negative pressure reduced mean IOP from 18.2 ± 3.8 mmHg to 14.0 ± 2.1 mmHg (p<0.01), a 22% reduction. selleck After 7 days of consecutive nightly wear, repeat IOP measurements with the application of negative pressure showed a decrease in mean IOP from 16.9 ± 4.3 mmHg to 13.5 ± 3.7 mmHg. The observed IOP reduction was in addition to the subjects' current treatment regimen. There were no statistically significant changes in IOP, BCVA from baseline following the 7-day period of nightly wear with the application of negative pressure. The patient-reported outcomes were favorable.
The MPD can safely and comfortably be worn overnight. The decrease in IOP of >20% in addition to current therapy is both clinically and statistically significant. The MPD shows promise as a potential new treatment option for nocturnal IOP control.
20% in addition to current therapy is both clinically and statistically significant. The MPD shows promise as a potential new treatment option for nocturnal IOP control.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the emerging cause of blindness in developing countries. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of grading retinal findings of patients with diabetes using fundus photographs by allied medical personnel (AMP) when compared to an ophthalmologist.
Six AMPs were enrolled for grading fundus photographs of patients with diabetes after three and six months of training twice at two weeks interval. The total number of fundus photographs graded were 1,344. Grading by a retina specialist was used as the gold standard. Intra-rater and inter-rater agreement was assessed using the kappa coefficient (k).
The intra-rater agreement of half of the AMPs in both three months and six months was almost perfect for grading of any retinal abnormalities, and substantial for retinal hemorrhages. In three months, the overall inter-rater agreement at the second rating was moderate for any retinal abnormalities (k=0.60) and retinal hemorrhage (k=0.48) and was fair for macular exudates (k=0.35). The ovr retinal hemorrhages and macular exudates. The agreement results were almost similar at three months and six months. AMPs could be utilized in screening of DR and other retinal pathologies for timely referral to reduce the blindness in low-resource settings.Objective This article reports on 3-year clinical outcomes of the Sonography Guided Transcervical Ablation of Uterine Fibroids (SONATA) pivotal trial of transcervical fibroid ablation (TFA) in women with symptomatic uterine myomata. Materials and Methods The SONATA, prospective, controlled, multicenter interventional trial enrolled 147 premenopausal women with symptomatic uterine fibroids who underwent uterus-preserving, sonography-guided TFA with the Sonata® System (Gynesonics, Inc., Redwood City, CA, USA). Clinical outcomes were assessed over 3 years and included surgical reinterventions, Symptom Severity Score (SSS), and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) subscales of the Uterine Fibroid Symptom and Quality-of-Life Questionnaire, EuroQol 5-Dimension (EQ-5D) questionnaire, Overall Treatment Effect, treatment satisfaction, physical activity, work impairment, pregnancy outcomes, and adverse events. Results The 3-year rates of surgical reintervention for heavy menstrual bleeding calculated by the binomial and Kaplan-Meier methods were 9.2% and 8.2%, respectively. Compared to baseline, mean SSS decreased from 55 ± 19 to 22 ± 21, HRQoL increased from 40 ± 21 to 83 ± 23, and EQ-5D increased from 0.72 ± 0.21 to 0.88 ± 0.16 (all p less then 0.001). Treatment benefit on the SSS, HRQoL, and EQ-5Q exceeded the minimal clinically important difference at every follow-up visit over 3 years. At 3 years, 94% of the subjects reported treatment satisfaction, 88% reported reduced fibroid symptoms, work absenteeism due to fibroid symptoms decreased from 2.9% to 1.4%, and impairment due to fibroids decreased from 51% to 12% for work, and 58% to 14% for physical activity (all p less then 0.001). No late complications occurred. Conclusions Women treated with sonography-guided TFA in the SONATA pivotal trial experienced significant and durable reduction of fibroid-related symptoms, with low surgical reintervention rates over 3 years of follow-up.
Despite the availability of antidiabetic drugs, they are not free from associated adverse side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of oral administration of seeds from two medicinal plants (1) Milk thistle and (2) fenugreek.
Plant seeds were washed in distilled water and ground with a coffee grinder. Alloxan was used to induce diabetes in 20 male albino rats. Diabetic rats were randomly divided into two groups (1) Group 1 (n=10), diabetic rats fed with 0.5 g/kg milk thistle and 2 g/kg fenugreek seeds per day and (2) Group 2 (n=10), diabetic rats fed standard rodent food for 4 weeks.
Oral administration of milk thistle and fenugreek seeds for 2 weeks resulted in significant improvement in body weight, blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. After 4 weeks, this ameliorative effect was significantly elevated with respect to blood glucose (155.00±9.70 mg/dL vs. 427.50±5.70 mg/dL; p<0.selleck
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