Problem
If you are new to web development and have created some HTML page before then you may be in a situation where you find that your footer is not at the bottom of page and there is white space at the bottom because there is not much content.
here is simple html code that produce this result which is not we want.
<body>
<header>
<h1>This is Header.</h1>
</header>
<article>
<h1>This is main content.</h1>
</article>
<footer>
<h1>This is Footer.</h1>
</footer>
</body>
As you can see there are not much content so my footer is not in the bottom of the page. Technically it is bottom of the page but our page is not long enough.
Solution
Setting body height
body {
min-height: 100vh;
}
We can set our body min height to 100vh that will make our page at least as long as screen height But it will not solve our problem.
Setting margin top on footer
footer {
margin-top: ???px;
}
We can set margin-top on footer element that will make our footer to stay at the bottom of the page but when we have multiple pages and every page has different content length we have to set right amount of margin on every page one by one.
Using Flexbox
Using Flexbox in CSS we can fix it very easily with following steps.
- First set the min-height of body to 100vh.
min-height: 100vh;
. - Set the body display to flex
display: flex;
and flex-direction to columnflex-direction: column;
. - Select footer element (of whatever you want to stick to bottom) and set top margin to auto
margin-top: auto;
.
Your CSS should look something like this.
body{
min-height: 100vh;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
}
footer{
margin-top: auto;
}
And the problem should be fixed.
There is a great article on flexbox on css-trick.com to learn more about it. https://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/a-guide-to-flexbox/
Bonus: Align content vertically center
When you don't have much content to fill the full height of screen like simple login form, you you may want to align your content vertically center.
To do this just remove margin top from footer and set margin top and bottom to auto margin: auto 0;
on your main content (in my case article element) or margin: auto;
to center it on both direction (vertically and horizontally) and it will make content align to center.
Your CSS should look something like this.
body{
min-height: 100vh;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
}
article {
margin: auto 0;
}
Top comments (27)
I think
flex-grow: 1;
on the main content (the<article>
) would achieve a similar result without margin and also allow the main content to fill the empty spaceI often use this one, it seems more intuitive than having an automatic margin on the footer 🤔
I also used
flex-grow
to achieve this effect. Knowing about margin technique is new for me.grab that footer's class and do this
for example
.footer{
position:absolute;
bottom:0;
}
thats it
Nope, not the same.
With the example of this article, the footer is pushed to the bottom.
With your example, the footer is placed to the bottom, above all elements.
The footer placed above all elements, isn't that what we're still looking for? I mean it's still at the bottom of the page, unless it's on top of another element then yes, that's not what we want
I suppose the goal is to handle the cases: do we have more content that needs to push the footer down? is the screen big enough so the footer can stay at the bottom? I use grid for this reason. See the example from here css-tricks.com/the-holy-grail-layo... where you can see what happens to the footer when you expand Article.
.footer{
position:fixed;
bottom:0;
}
a quick update use position fixed instead of absolute
footer {
position:relative;
bottom:0;
}
this worked for me.
This is the coolest one TBH. :)
This could work, but I believe you would also need a margin-bottom the exact height of the footer element added to your page content, otherwise you run the risk of having the footer on top of things.
yes,I mean position fixed would work better instead of position absolute
This is the one I'm familiar with
Benjamin Grand is right.
Good one!
I'd also suggest "display: grid".
For example:
Where you can also get sticky header and more.
See Gist here: gist.github.com/cpmech/241857a5fe7...
Cheers.
I'm working with react and what worked for me is:
Thanks for this. It definitely works with react.
This worked a treat for react
You can also try this for #Footer, position (fixed) is for not moving & stuck where you do, and viewport width(vw) is the view of your screen that we use, 100vw for 100% view of your screen area.
Dont forget to use the position fixed property to fix that divison at the bottom of the page
Thank you, great article
Amazing! Thanks!
thank you for sharing
This helped me. Thank youu <3
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