Implementation regarding Shortened Breasts MRI with regard to Verification: AJR Professional Screen Narrative Evaluation.

4%, respectively. PLVI measurements ranged from 0.24 to 1.19 with a mean of 0.59 ± 0.17 and a median of 0.603. A total of 51 patients with a median value of 0.603 were defined as low PLVI group, and 52 patients with a median value of ≥0.603 were defined as the high PLVI group. PLVI was significantly low in deceased patients. Age, ASA score and PLVI value were independently associated with a poor overall survival. CONCLUSION There is a significant correlation between sarcopenia and postoperative mortality after vertebral augmentation procedure in patients with VCFs. BACKGROUND Carotid pseudoaneurysm is a rare complication of pituitary surgery and can present with epistaxis. Nasal packing is considered first-line treatment for the control of carotid bleeding. We describe a case of complete occlusion of the contralateral cavernous carotid artery due to nasal packing placed to control hemorrhage from a cavernous carotid pseudoaneurysm. CASE DESCRIPTION A 55-year-old man presented with a history of recurrent epistaxis requiring multiple hospital visits and nasal packing, over a 9-month period. Nasal endoscopies failed to show a source of bleeding; therefore, the patient underwent bilateral sphenopalatine artery ligations. Postoperative CT angiogram showed no evidence of aneurysm, but did report indistinctness of the lateral sphenoid walls. Symptoms remained controlled for 4 months, but ultimately, he presented to the ER with massive epistaxis. A magnetic resonance angiogram noted a 2-3mm left cavernous carotid pseudoaneurysm and the patient underwent endovascular embolization of bilateral internal maxillary arteries. Significant epistaxis was noted immediately thereafter and he was taken to the OR to control bleeding. A 4cm absorbable nasal packing was placed into each sphenoid cavity after profuse bleeding from the left sphenoid sinus was noted. After control of bleeding, cerebral angiogram showed complete occlusion of bilateral internal carotid arteries (ICA). The right-sided packing was adjusted and the ICA profusion improved. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the only report that describes complete occlusion of the contralateral cavernous carotid artery due to extrinsic compression of the lateral sphenoid wall, in the setting of a symptomatic pseudoaneurysm. BACKGROUND Symptomatic intramedullary arachnoid cysts are rarely observed lesions, particularly in the pediatric age group. Treatment includes cyst fenestration or resection of the cyst wall, and recurrence after surgery has never been reported. We report a rare case of a spinal intramedullary arachnoid cyst, which recurred after cyst fenestration and required reoperation after a certain period. CASE DESCRIPTION A 4-year-old boy presented to our hospital with tetraparesis and bladder and rectum disorder. A cystic intramedullary lesion in the cervical spinal cord was detected in preoperative imaging. An emergency fenestration of cyst was performed and his symptoms were resolved immediately. One month after the operation, the symptoms and cyst were recurred. The symptoms improved in the natural course without reoperation. However, the cyst increased in size and the symptoms recurred after 27 months from the first relapse and the cyst was removed urgently. The diagnosis was an arachnoid cyst. After the reoperation, the cyst has disappeared and has not recurred. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of recurrence of intramedullary arachnoid cyst. This case indicates the importance of considering the resection of cyst wall as possible because of probability of cyst recurrence after fenestration, while careful observation is the option in short term especially for children or high- risk case. Cerebral infarction due to parent artery stenosis represents a potential complication of microsurgical aneurysm clipping. check details We report a case of a 60-year old female that developed left-sided hemiparesis and aphasia nine hours after clipping of an unruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm with heavy calcification of the aneurysm neck. Angiographic workup revealed a marked parent artery stenosis, which occurred presumably due to thrombus generation at the reconstructed aneurysm neck. Revision surgery with relocation of the aneurysm clip was ultimately performed 19 hours after symptom onset. Although follow-up CT showed a small cerebral infarction, the patient recovered fully from surgery. This case shows that relocation of the aneurysm clip in case of vessel stenosis can lead to penumbral salvage, even when performed more than 6 hours after symptom onset. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are a fascinating class of carbon nanoparticles with sizes around 10 nm. The unique properties of CQDs are low toxicity, chemical inertness, excellent biocompatibility, photo-induced electron transfer and highly tunable photoluminescence behaviour. Sustainable raw materials are commonly used for the fabrication of CQDs because they are cost-effective, eco-friendly and effective to minimise waste production. CQDs can be fabricated using laser ablation, microwave irradiation, hydrothermal reaction, electrochemical oxidation, reflux method and ultrasonication. These methods undergo several chemical reactions such as oxidation, carbonisation, pyrolysis and polymerisation processes to produce CQDs. Due to small particle sizes of CQDs, they possess strong tunable fluorescent properties and highly photo-luminescent emissions. It also contains oxygen-based functional groups and highly desired properties as semiconductor nanoparticles. Therefore, CQDs are promising nanomaterials for photo-catalysis, ions sensing, biological imaging, heavy metal detection, adsorption treatment, supercapacitor, membrane fabrication and water pollution treatment. This review paper will discuss the physical and chemical properties of CQDs, raw materials and methods used in the fabrication of CQDs, the stability of CQDs as well as their potential applications in wastewater treatment and biomedical field. Ferritin is a globular hollow protein that acts as the major iron storage protein across living organisms. The 8 nm-diameter internal cavity of ferritin has been used as a nanoreactor for the synthesis of various metallic nanoparticles different to iron oxides. For this purpose, ferritin is incubated in solution with metallic ions that enter the cavity through its natural channels. Then, these ions are subjected to a reduction step to obtain highly monodisperse metallic nanoparticles, with enhanced stability and biocompatibility provided by the ferritin structure. Potential biomedical applications of ferritin-nanoparticle complex will require the use of human ferritin to provide a safer and low-risk alternative for the delivery of metallic nanoparticles into the body. However, most of the reported protocols for metallic nanoparticles synthesis uses horse spleen ferritin as nanocontainer. Previous studies have acknowledged technical difficulties with recombinant human ferritin during the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles, like protein precipitation, which is translated into low recovery yields.check details