05).
Preoperative pressure pain threshold, pressure pain tolerance, and anxiety level had no significant effects on postoperative pain and analgesic requirements in impacted lower third molar surgery.
Preoperative pressure pain threshold, pressure pain tolerance, and anxiety level had no significant effects on postoperative pain and analgesic requirements in impacted lower third molar surgery.Excessive gingival display is an esthetic issue that is commonly managed by different procedures. Lip repositioning is a modality to address concerns of affected patients. The aim of this review was to investigate the scientific evidence on outcomes and long-term stability of lip repositioning surgery with or without myotomy. The electronic search was conducted in three databases MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to October 2019. see more No publication status, language, or time restrictions were applied. The electronic search was complemented by a manual search of the reference lists. Three hundred thirty-eight studies were screened by title, and 16 articles remained for data extraction. The included studies assessed the lip repositioning procedure in 144 patients aged between 15-59 years (134 females and 10 males). Based on the available data, lip repositioning with myotomy/muscle containment can be a successful treatment for minor discrepancies in gingival display in selected cases. However, further well-organized controlled clinical trials are recommended to derive a conclusion about the long-term stability compared with other alternatives.This is a retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics of children with inborn errors of immunity who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Although the mean age at diagnosis was 24.4 months, it was 51.9 months at HSCT. There is an urgent need to improve awareness, expand donor registries and initiate newborn screening for inborn errors or immunity.Neonatal data regarding SARS-CoV-2 is sparse from India. On review of hospital records from April- August, 2020, 18/423 (4.25%) neonates were SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive. 15 (83.3%) neonates recovered and 3 (16.6%) succumbed. Only 50% of the positive babies had positive mothers/ caretakers, a contact could not be traced in others.This 1-year follow-up study was conducted on 21 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We found reduction in glycosylated hemoglobin from 10.5% to 8.1%, and maintenance of BMI z-scores from 3.9 to 3.8. Majority of the patients could be weaned-off from insulin. Heterogeneous presentation, frequent co-morbidities and complications, and familial clustering were observed.X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a primary disorder of humoral immunity characterized by Bruton tyrosine kinase gene mutations resulting in a primary antibody deficiency. While an intact T-cell function largely protects against majority of viral infections, enteroviruses are notorious for infecting these patients due to impaired mucosal immunity. Although the incidence of enteroviral meningoencephalitis in XLA is only 1-5%, yet the mortality is quite high. A typical presentation of enteroviral encephalitis in XLA is a subacute to chronic nervous system infection. A progressive loss of motor and cognitive milestones, spastic quadriplegia, coma, and death are common presentations. The histopathological features reflect gliosis, gradual neuronal loss, neuronophagia, and microglial proliferation. We describe the clinical and brain histopathological findings in a 2-year-old boy with XLA and progressive encephalitis, possibly due to an enteroviral infection.
We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of nine non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in treating patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of NSAIDs for the treatment in children with JIA were searched systematically by using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for available literature up to January 1, 2019. Bayesian network meta-analysis was used to combine direct and indirect evidence on treatment effectiveness and safety.
Eight eligible RCTs involving 1112 patients with JIA were identified, addressing 9 interventions. The ranking probability plot based on the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) indicated that celecoxib (6 mg/kg twice-a-day) had the highest probability of being most effective (SUCRA = 76.4%) among four NSAIDs (celecoxib, rofecoxib, meloxicam, and naproxen). Also, rofecoxib (0.3 mg/kg once-a-day) and piroxicam demonstrated a higher probability of safety in treating children with JIA (SUCRA = 33.0% and 35.5%, respectively), compared with other interventions.
The quality of available evidence limits the formation of powerful conclusions regarding the comparative efficacy or safety of NSAIDs used to treat JIA.
The quality of available evidence limits the formation of powerful conclusions regarding the comparative efficacy or safety of NSAIDs used to treat JIA.
To develop standard recommendations for skin care in neonates, infants and children to aid the pediatrician to provide quality skin care to infants and children.
Though skin is the largest organ in the body with vital functions, skin care in children especially in newborns and infants, is not given the due attention that is required. There is a need for evidence-based recommendations for the care of skin of newborn babies and infants in India.
A committee was formed under the auspices of Indian Academy of Pediatrics in August, 2018 for preparing guidelines on pediatric skin care. Three meetings were held during which we reviewed the existing guidelines/ recommendations/review articles and held detailed discussions, to arrive at recommendations that will help to fill up the knowledge gaps in current practice in India. The initial draft of the manuscript based on the available evidence and experience, was sent to all members for their inputs, after which it was finalized.
Vernix caseosa should not be reDuration of bath should not exceed 5-10 minutes. Liquid cleanser with acidic or neutral pH is preferred, as it will not affect the skin barrier function or the acid mantle. Cord stump must be kept clean without any application. Diaper area should be kept clean and dry with frequent change of diapers. Application of emollient in newborns born in families with high risk of atopy tends to reduce the risk of developing atopic dermatitis. Oil massage has multiple benefits and is recommended. Massage with sunflower oil, coconut oil or mineral oil are preferred over vegetable oils such as olive oil and mustard oil, which have been found to be detrimental to barrier function.see more
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