ere is a close relationship between dementia and malnutrition. Clinical approaches to minimize malnutrition in persons with dementia should include regular screening for malnutrition and its risk factors, avoidance of dietary restrictions, and support of persons at risk for malnutrition with oral nutritional supplements. Moreover, the influence of nutritional status varies in different types of dementia. Nutritional status may be worse in DLB and VaD compared with other types of dementia, whereas nutritional status in FTD is less.
Physical activity is associated with improvement in overall health and well-being, but robust evidence with comprehensive assessment of general health is lacking. This study aimed to clarify the effects of physical activity on intrinsic capacity among community-dwelling older adults with subjective memory concerns.
A single-blind randomized controlled trial compared aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT), and combined training (AT+RT) programs for improving general health evaluated by intrinsic capacity.
Toyota, Japan.
Residents (65-85years old) who screened positive for subjective memory concerns using the Kihon checklist were invited for eligibility assessment. In total, 415 community-dwelling older adults were enrolled and randomized into the AT, RT, AT+RT, and control groups.
Participants in the intervention groups underwent a group training program and self-paced home training for 26weeks. TEW-7197 chemical structure The control group received lectures about health promotion. Intrinsic capacity (IC), constructed s.
Twenty-six-week AT with self-paced home training and RT with self-paced home training improve IC among community-dwelling older adults with subjective memory concerns, but the benefits waned subsequently. It will be required to develop optimal interventions that have a continuous beneficial effect on IC among community-dwelling older adults.
To examine the incremental value of sarcopenia components, following the diagnosis algorithm of the Asian consensus, on predicting adverse outcomes.
A prospective cohort study.
Four thousand community-dwelling Chinese adults (2000 men) aged 65years or older in Hong Kong (mean age=72.5 ± 5.2).
SARC-F was used as the initial predictor of 9 adverse outcomes. In step 2, muscle strength (ie, grip strength) and/or functions (ie, chair-stand, walking speed) were added on top of SARC-F. In step 3, height-, weight-, and body mass index-adjusted appendicular skeletal mass (ASM) measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were added separately to all models formulated in step 2. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) were calculated for the models formulated in all steps. Each cumulative AUC would be compared with the AUC yielded in the previous step to evaluate the incremental prediction value.
On top of SARC-F, assessing grip strength, walking speed, or 5-time chair-stand sn provides additional power to predict adverse outcomes on top of SARC-F. Further assessment of muscle mass with DXA provides no extra constructive value ito bettering the prediction regardless of the adjustment parameters. Alternative technologies to measure muscle mass might be required.
To examine the factors of advance directive (AD) completion among older Chinese Americans.
Cross-sectional survey.
Data came from 435 Chinese Americans aged 55years and older living in 2 metropolitan areas through self-administered questionnaires and research assistant-administered interviews in 2018. Participants' average age was 75years (standard deviation=9.4).
Logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with AD completion.
Approximately 14% of participants completed an AD. Older age [odds ratio (OR) 1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.12], higher level of acculturation (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.39-3.33), higher expectation for intergenerational support (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.02-2.27), and having US citizenship (OR 3.02, 95% CI 1.26-7.23) were positively associated with AD completion. Physical and mental health needs were not significantly associated with AD completion.
This study is among the first focusing on AD completion among Chinese Americans, one of the fastest-growing older minority populations in the United States. Findings highlight the influence of socioeconomic and cultural factors on AD completion and illustrate the importance of developing culturally sensitive interventions to promote end-of-life care decision making among older Chinese Americans.
This study is among the first focusing on AD completion among Chinese Americans, one of the fastest-growing older minority populations in the United States. Findings highlight the influence of socioeconomic and cultural factors on AD completion and illustrate the importance of developing culturally sensitive interventions to promote end-of-life care decision making among older Chinese Americans.
To study the association between antipsychotic drug treatment and hip fracture, before and after the initiation of treatment.
Nationwide cohort study.
In this study based on several Swedish registers, all individuals age ≥65years who filled prescriptions for antipsychotic drugs in 2007-2017 were matched 11 by sex and age with controls, resulting in a cohort of 255,274 individuals.
Associations between antipsychotic drug treatment and hip fracture were investigated using multivariable conditional logistic regression models and flexible parametric survival models for nonproportional hazards, starting 1year before the first prescription was filled and extending to 1year thereafter.
The studied cohort had a mean age of 81.5 (standard deviation, 8.1) years; 152,890 (59.9%) individuals were women. Antipsychotic drug use was associated with an increased risk of hip fracture in all studied time frames, before and after the initiation of treatment. The risk was highest 16-30days before the initiation of treatment (odds ratio 9.09; 95% confidence interval 7.00-11.81). The pattern was consistent in subgroup analyses of users of conventional and atypical antipsychotics, men and women, as well as in younger old and older old participants. The association with hip fracture was not influenced by antipsychotic drug dose.
The association between antipsychotic drug use and the risk of hip fracture was observed before the initiation of antipsychotic treatment. This finding suggests that factors other than exposure to antipsychotic drugs are responsible for the increased risk of hip fracture in the treatment group.
The association between antipsychotic drug use and the risk of hip fracture was observed before the initiation of antipsychotic treatment. This finding suggests that factors other than exposure to antipsychotic drugs are responsible for the increased risk of hip fracture in the treatment group.TEW-7197 chemical structure
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