Forecasting Fracture Predisposition within Amorphous Alumina by reviewing the Static Framework Making use of Device Learning.

How loneliness manifests in older adult married couples is necessary to consider. Marriage partners may become more or less lonely based on shared circumstances with one another (i.e., the shared environment hypothesis). Moreover, individuals may pair off with a marriage partner who shares similar levels of loneliness (i.e., the homophily hypothesis; Cacioppo, Fowler, & Christakis, 2009), which can potentially lead to higher or lower levels of loneliness. Therefore, examining couples dyadically is beneficial in order to understand how loneliness operates over time. Three waves of the Health and Retirement Study were used and participants included 1,389 older adult couples. The current study uses growth-mixture modeling to examine older adult couples' joint loneliness trajectories. Multinomial logistic regressions were also used to examine social and demographic correlates of these trajectories. Three classes emerged, including classes characterized by high loneliness (N = 69), low loneliness (N = 998), and moderate loneliness (N = 322). check details Classes were distinguished at the first wave by husbands' and wives' marital support, husbands' marital strain, husbands' age, husbands' friendship strain, and wives' frequency of seeing friends. Overall, husbands' and wives' had relatively similar levels of loneliness over time and those who were in the low loneliness class tended to have more positive factors related to social connections. The present study provides insight into how loneliness functions over time among older adult couples, and has implications for practitioners who work with older adult couples. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).Although decades of research have identified robust effects of word frequency (WF) on memory performance, the comparatively smaller body of research examining the impact of WF on judgments of learning (JOLs) has yielded inconsistent findings. The purpose of this brief meta-analytic review is to synthesize the existing literature examining WF effects on JOLs with the aim of clarifying the extent to which such judgments are influenced by WF, and to identify some potential moderators of this effect. In analysing 17 experiments across 6 published and 1 unpublished studies, a small, but reliable effect of WF on JOLs was found (g = .23), with high frequency (HF) words afforded higher JOLs than low frequency (LF) words. There was, however, extensive heterogeneity among the effect sizes, implying that the WF effect on JOLs is subject to the influence of potentially many different moderator variables. The potential implications of this finding for understanding the sources of information that guide JOLs are discussed. In addition, speculation as to potential moderators contributing to the observed heterogeneity is offered, and emphasis is placed on the importance of considering item-level variability when items are nested within the conditions to be contrasted. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).OBJECTIVES Discrimination, once unmistakable, has taken on subtler forms as exemplified by microaggressions-daily, seemingly harmless indignities that send negative messages to minority group members (Sue, Capodilupo, et al., 2007). Furthermore, unique microaggressions exist for individuals who possess more than one stigmatized identity. For example, racial/ethnic minorities who are also lesbian, gay, or bisexual face discrimination that is unlike racism or heterosexism alone or in combination. Thus, to meaningfully investigate how dually marginalized individuals experience various forms of contemporary, covert discrimination, scholars need access to paradigms that better capture their existential realities. Specifically, greater attention must be paid to how interlocking social categories shape experiences of subtle discrimination. To this end, we demonstrate how to conceptualize quantitative research that is mindful of intersectionality-or the interconnection of social identities in creating overlapping and interdependent systems of oppression. METHOD We conducted a 2-phase study to examine whether an intersectional methodology better predicted adverse health outcomes for 801 lesbian, gay, and bisexual people of color as compared to an additive/multiplicative approach (i.e., combining scores from two different measures of experiences with racism and heterosexism). RESULTS Results indicated that intersectionality (vs. additive/multiplicative approach) better measured symptomology for racially diverse sexual minority group members who experienced microaggressions. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide quantitative evidence in support of intersectionality, an achievable methodological approach that captures subtle encounters with discrimination for individuals with interlocking marginalized identities-encounters that would otherwise remain on the fringe of research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).OBJECTIVES This study broadens the field of quantitative research on culture-specific values and Mexican adolescent sexual behavior from an ecological perspective. We examined how general values such as machismo and caballerismo, and sexual values such as the importance of male virginity are associated with Mexican adolescent normative sexual behaviors and intentions. We also examined the role of gender, age, and school type in these associations. METHOD We administered measures of caballerismo, machismo, importance of male virginity, sexual intentions, and sexual behaviors to a sample of 539 Mexican adolescents, aged 12 to 15. RESULTS The results indicated that adolescents who endorsed the machismo value more had greater intentions to have sex, and were more likely to receive oral sex. Adolescents who endorsed less caballerismo had greater intentions to have sex when they were not sexually active. Additionally, adolescents who reported lower importance of male virginity had greater intentions to have sex and a higher likelihood of having vaginal sex. Gender, age, and school context moderated a few associations. For example, older adolescents (but not younger) who endorsed more caballerismo reported lower intentions to have sex. CONCLUSIONS The current study expands the understanding of how general and sexual culture-specific values are associated with the sexual intentions and behaviors of Mexican adolescents. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).check details