Go Lang Cheatsheet

Table of Contents

1. Getting Started
2. Basic Syntax
3. Data Types
4. Control Structures
5. Functions
6. Structs and Interfaces
7. Concurrency

1. Installation

To install Go, download it from the official website and follow the installation instructions for your operating system.

Create a new Go file with the .go extension, for example, main.go.

2. Basic Syntax

Hello, World!

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    fmt.Println("Hello, World!")
}

Start

• The main package is required for executable commands.
• The main function is the entry point of a Go program.
• fmt is a standard library package for formatted I/O.

3. Data Types

Variable Declaration

var name string = "Go"
var age int = 10

Short Variable Declaration

name := "Go"
age := 10

Constants

const Pi = 3.14

Basic Types

• Integers: int, int8, int16, int32, int64
• Unsigned Integers: uint, uint8, uint16, uint32, uint64
• Floats: float32, float64
• Complex: complex64, complex128
• Others: byte (alias for uint8), rune (alias for int32), bool, string

4. Control Structures

If-Else

if age > 18 {
    fmt.Println("Adult")
} else {
    fmt.Println("Minor")
}

For Loop

for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
    fmt.Println(i)
}

Switch

switch day {
case "Monday":
    fmt.Println("Start of the week")
case "Friday":
    fmt.Println("End of the week")
default:
    fmt.Println("Midweek")
}

5. Functions

Basic Function

func add(a int, b int) int {
    return a + b
}

Multiple Return Values

func swap(x, y string) (string, string) {
    return y, x
}

Named Return Values

func split(sum int) (x, y int) {
    x = sum * 4 / 9
    y = sum - x
    return
}

6. Structs and Interfaces

Structs

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

p := Person{Name: "Alice", Age: 30}

Methods

func (p Person) greet() string {
    return "Hello, " + p.Name
}

Interfaces

type Animal interface {
    Speak() string
}

type Dog struct{}

func (d Dog) Speak() string {
    return "Woof"
}

7. Concurrency

Goroutines

go func() {
    fmt.Println("In a goroutine")
}()

Channels

messages := make(chan string)

go func() {
    messages <- "ping"
}()

msg := <-messages
fmt.Println(msg)

Select

select {
case msg1 := <-chan1:
    fmt.Println("Received", msg1)
case msg2 := <-chan2:
    fmt.Println("Received", msg2)
default:
    fmt.Println("No message received")
}

Conclusion

This cheat sheet provides a quick overview of Go's basic syntax and features. Go's simplicity and efficiency make it an excellent choice for various applications, from web servers to distributed systems. For more detailed information, refer to the official Go documentation and Do Contact me on LinkedIn Syed Muhammad Ali Raza

Comments

[Fred Functional]

Thanks for the detailed Go Lang cheatsheet! Can you explain a bit more about how channels work in concurrency?